This course consists of 11 in-person sessions

Self-Study Hours: 75

Contact Hours: 25

Assessment Hours: 25

Session 1: Defining Spirituality and Spiritual Care in Healthcare – Competencies in Spiritual Care

Debate continues over defining and exploring the concept of spirituality and its relationship with religion. The concepts are often used interchangeably, yet they are distinct, as nurses can provide spiritual care even in the absence of a belief system. Despite the complexity of the spiritual dimension of care and the lack of an agreed-upon definition, nurses are expected to address this aspect of care. Literature generally considers spiritual care an integral aspect of nurses’ practice, giving them a clear and legitimate role in diagnosing the spiritual and religious needs that affect care (Baldacchino, 2009).

Spirituality and spiritual care in health are related to how patients and health professionals seek and express meaning, purpose, connection, value, or transcendence in the context of illness and health. There is a growing body of evidence showing that spirituality is linked to better health outcomes, patient satisfaction, medical decision-making, and quality of life. This session aims to introduce and debate the various definitions of spirituality and spiritual care, as well as the multidimensional spiritual field.

Session 2: Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Spirituality

Interpersonal and intrapersonal spirituality play integral roles in providing patient-centred care. Understanding and addressing the spiritual dimensions of healthcare contribute to a more compassionate, culturally sensitive, and holistic approach to patient well-being.

Interpersonal spirituality in elderly patient care involves:

• Cultural Sensitivity: Effective communication and empathy
• Collaboration with Spiritual Care Providers
• Addressing Ethical Dilemmas

Intrapersonal spirituality deals with:

• Self-Reflection and Awareness
• Preventing Burnout
• Enhancing Empathy and Compassion
• Ethical Decision-Making
• Modelling Holistic Well-being

This session aims to critically analyse the importance of these concepts in elderly care.

Session 3: Spiritual Assessment and Evaluation of Care

There is general agreement that identifying and responding to spiritual needs is the responsibility of every worker. Research in spiritual care shows the emergence of several tools designed to measure and rate quantitatively or qualitatively the client’s spirituality, spiritual distress, and spiritual coping. The SCCS tool (McSherry, 2012) is effective in assessing spiritual care competencies in nurses. In this session, the learner is introduced to formal and informal approaches to assess patients’ spiritual needs, plan for necessary interventions based on the available resources, and evaluate whether the patients’ needs were met.

Session 4: Loss, Grief, and Compassion in the Elderly

Loss, grief, and compassion in elderly care are essential to equip healthcare professionals and caregivers with the knowledge and skills needed to support elderly individuals and their families during challenging times.

The aim of this session is to provide an understanding of loss and grief, namely:

• Define types of loss (physical, cognitive, social, etc.)
• Understand the grieving process and its individual variations; normalising grief as a natural response to loss
• Discuss common losses in ageing
• Recognise the cultural and spiritual perspectives of loss

Session 5: Spiritual Care in Elderly Rehabilitation

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Spiritual care is an integral component of the rehabilitation process for elderly individuals. It involves addressing the spiritual and existential needs of the person, recognising the interconnectedness of physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being. Incorporating spiritual care into rehabilitation contributes to a more holistic and person-centred approach. This session will discuss the spiritual needs specifically of the elderly who are in rehabilitation, namely:

• Finding effective ways to work with hospitalised older adults
• Identifying support and coping strategies to enhance inner peace, meaning, and resilience in confronting changes and hardships

Learners will explore ways in which healthcare workers can assist patients to be creative and better confront their feelings of suffering and solitude.

Session 6: Spiritual Care and Mental Health

Spirituality plays a significant role in mental health, and many individuals find solace, support, and meaning in their spiritual beliefs and practices. The relationship between spirituality and mental health is complex and multifaceted, and it can vary greatly from person to person. This session will discuss the various complex mental health issues that elderly individuals may encounter and provide skills that may assist healthcare workers in managing and caring for the elderly to help them find solace, support, and meaning through their spirituality.

Session 7: Spiritual Care in Dementia

This session will seek to critically discuss the myths related to spirituality and dementia in different cultural contexts. It will also describe the experiences and importance of spirituality from the perspectives of persons living with dementia, and formal and informal caregivers. Moreover, the challenges and potential solutions of providing spiritual care to persons living with dementia will be identified. Finally, the role of religious communities in creating dementia-friendly churches will be discussed.

Session 8: The Role of Religion in Spiritual Care for the Elderly

Religion can play a significant role in providing spiritual care for the elderly. As individuals age, they often confront questions about the meaning of life, mortality, and the purpose of their existence. Religious beliefs and practices can offer comfort, guidance, and a sense of connection to something greater, providing a framework for understanding and navigating these existential concerns.

This session will focus on religion, which is integral to spiritual care. It will discuss the diversity of religious beliefs and practices among the elderly population and emphasize the importance of being inclusive and culturally sensitive in delivering spiritual care

Session 9: The Sacraments in Different Religions and Spirituality

The Roman Catholic Church defines a sacrament as “an outward sign of an inward (invisible) grace, instituted by Jesus Christ.” Although various world religions do not agree on the nature and number of sacraments, nor do they necessarily call them as such, they concur that there are important rituals that initiate individuals into the community and enable them to grow spiritually. All cultures and religions celebrate significant rites of passage throughout life’s events. These rituals recognise important events in the lives of both individuals and the community. This session will discuss the religious practices of various denominations and their importance in holistic elderly care.

Session 10: Case Scenarios in the Spiritual Dimension of Elderly Care

This session will present different case scenarios to assess and evaluate the learners’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes acquired during the programme, to apply when caring for the elderly.

Session 11: Seminar ‘Spirituality in Everyday Elderly Care Practice’